At this point, you should be getting a good handle on Greek Verbs – at least how to recognize and “parse” them.
You need to be able to look at a verb and identify Tense, Voice, Mood, Person, and Number.
The endings tell you a lot! You need to know all 24 of them (figure 21.14) very well.
Active and Passive (Middle), and Primary and Secondary.
The -σ- (or the -εσ-) is the sign of the Future tense.
You need to recognize when there’s an ε augment on the front of a verb indicating secondary endings and thus “past tense”
Then, if it is a secondary ending, if it uses the same stem as the Present, then it’s Imperfect tense (continuous aspect)
If it uses a stem different than the Present tense, then that’s the root of the verb and Aorist (2nd Aorist pattern).
Or, if it uses the same stem as the Present tense (the root is the same as the Present tense stem) then it adds -σα- to form the Aorist (1st Aorist pattern)
Aorist is the undefined aspect, usually translated in the past tense in English (there is no difference in meaning between 1st and 2nd Aorist, only a difference in spelling/pattern).
You can do this! At this point, we’re just adding new rules about what is added. You know all the endings!
Vocabulary, Vocabulary, Vocabulary!!!
